See belwen in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "bellow"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "belly"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "billy"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "bully"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "*belly"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "belly"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "billy"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "bully"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "*billy"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "belgan"
},
"expansion": "Old English belgan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*belgan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *belgan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*belganą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *belganą",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "bylġan"
},
"expansion": "Old English bylġan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "billow"
},
"expansion": "English billow",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English belgan, from Proto-West Germanic *belgan, from Proto-Germanic *belganą; reinforced by Old English bylġan, from *bulgijan; compare modern English billow.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "belweth",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "belwende",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "belwynge",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "belwed",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-wk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "belwen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to belwen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "belwe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "belwe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "belwed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "belwest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "belwedest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "belweth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "belwed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "belwe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "belwed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "belwe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "belwen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "belwe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "belweden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "belwede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "belweth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "belwe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "belwynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "belwende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "belwed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ybelwed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "belewe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "belwe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "belien",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "belwe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "belwen",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"stem": "belw"
},
"expansion": "belwen (third-person singular simple present belweth, present participle belwende, belwynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle belwed)",
"name": "enm-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "belw"
},
"name": "enm-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "belwes"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "bely"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "49 24 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 27 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "71 14 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "44 28 28",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Animal sounds",
"orig": "enm:Animal sounds",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 34 33",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Sounds",
"orig": "enm:Sounds",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To growl or roar (of animals)"
],
"id": "en-belwen-enm-verb-xwr~RKXt",
"links": [
[
"growl",
"growl"
],
[
"roar",
"roar"
],
[
"animal",
"animal#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "33 34 33",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Sounds",
"orig": "enm:Sounds",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To bellow, roar (of the wind or sea)"
],
"id": "en-belwen-enm-verb-hS9AEDfY",
"links": [
[
"bellow",
"bellow"
],
[
"roar",
"roar"
],
[
"wind",
"wind#English"
],
[
"sea",
"sea#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Early Middle English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "33 34 33",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Sounds",
"orig": "enm:Sounds",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To anger or rage; to become or make angry."
],
"id": "en-belwen-enm-verb-nfmYauZi",
"links": [
[
"anger",
"anger"
],
[
"rage",
"rage"
],
[
"become",
"become"
],
[
"make",
"make"
],
[
"angry",
"angry"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Early Middle English) To anger or rage; to become or make angry."
],
"tags": [
"Early-Middle-English"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɛlwən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɛlɔu̯ən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɛljən/",
"note": "East Saxon, from Old English bylġan"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɛliu̯iː/",
"tags": [
"Southern"
]
}
],
"word": "belwen"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English verbs",
"Middle English weak verbs",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Animal sounds",
"enm:Sounds"
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "bellow"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "belly"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "billy"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "bully"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "*belly"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "belly"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "billy"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "bully"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "*billy"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "belgan"
},
"expansion": "Old English belgan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*belgan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *belgan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*belganą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *belganą",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "bylġan"
},
"expansion": "Old English bylġan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "billow"
},
"expansion": "English billow",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English belgan, from Proto-West Germanic *belgan, from Proto-Germanic *belganą; reinforced by Old English bylġan, from *bulgijan; compare modern English billow.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "belweth",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "belwende",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "belwynge",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "belwed",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-wk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "belwen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to belwen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "belwe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "belwe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "belwed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "belwest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "belwedest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "belweth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "belwed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "belwe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "belwed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "belwe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "belwen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "belwe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "belweden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "belwede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "belweth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "belwe",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "belwynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "belwende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "belwed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ybelwed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "belewe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "belwe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "belien",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "belwe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "belwen",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"stem": "belw"
},
"expansion": "belwen (third-person singular simple present belweth, present participle belwende, belwynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle belwed)",
"name": "enm-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "belw"
},
"name": "enm-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "belwes"
},
{
"word": "bely"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"To growl or roar (of animals)"
],
"links": [
[
"growl",
"growl"
],
[
"roar",
"roar"
],
[
"animal",
"animal#English"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To bellow, roar (of the wind or sea)"
],
"links": [
[
"bellow",
"bellow"
],
[
"roar",
"roar"
],
[
"wind",
"wind#English"
],
[
"sea",
"sea#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Early Middle English"
],
"glosses": [
"To anger or rage; to become or make angry."
],
"links": [
[
"anger",
"anger"
],
[
"rage",
"rage"
],
[
"become",
"become"
],
[
"make",
"make"
],
[
"angry",
"angry"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Early Middle English) To anger or rage; to become or make angry."
],
"tags": [
"Early-Middle-English"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɛlwən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɛlɔu̯ən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɛljən/",
"note": "East Saxon, from Old English bylġan"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɛliu̯iː/",
"tags": [
"Southern"
]
}
],
"word": "belwen"
}
Download raw JSONL data for belwen meaning in Middle English (5.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-03-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-03-03 using wiktextract (05c257f and 9d9a410). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.